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STRAIGHT ANSWER · CRYPTO RESEARCH

Why can a Cosmos IBC transfer stay pending after the destination chain is online again?

Packet delivery and acknowledgement require relayers and valid client state. A chain being reachable does not guarantee the packet or final acknowledgement has been processed.

Editorial team · Direct answer and next step

The answer

Packet delivery and acknowledgement require relayers and valid client state. A chain being reachable does not guarantee the packet or final acknowledgement has been processed.

What to do next

Find the packet sequence and status on both chains; inspect relayer and acknowledgement events before sending again.

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Questions people ask

What is the difference between an IBC packet receipt and its acknowledgement?

A receipt shows the destination processed delivery. The acknowledgement reports the application result back to the source and is a separate step to inspect.