The answer
Ordinary validator downtime typically incurs missed rewards or smaller inactivity penalties, whereas protocol slashing is aimed at specific provably conflicting validator behaviour.
What to do next
Check validator health, client updates and the current penalties documentation before changing configurations. Avoid running duplicate validator keys at once.
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Frequently asked questions
Is downtime itself always a slashing offence?
No. Slashing and inactivity penalties are distinct mechanisms.
